Top 7 Ecological Facts

Fact 1(ecosystem and energy flow):

• Different enviromental cycles(such as carbon, and nitrogen cycle) maintain the ecosystem. 
• The ecosystem is also maintained through the food chains and the food webs.
• About 82% of Earth's biomass consists of plants and trees(according to recent scientific estimate).
• Ecosystem vary in size; they can range from microscopic areas to vast forests.
• The flow of energy in an ecosystem begins with sunlight absorbed by plants and continues through each trophic level.
• Only about 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to next.

Fact 2(Amazon Rainforest):

• Amazon is the world's biggest natural rainforest. 
• It is located in south America, and covers nine nations with 60% in Brazil, 13% in Peru, 10% in Colombia and some parts of French Guiana, Suriname, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Venezeula.
• It roughly covers 40% of the South American continent. 
• It is called "lungs of Earth" because its trees absorb a massive amount of carbon dioxide and release oxygen. It produces about 20% of oxygen and also consumes the same amount of carbondioxide. It regulates the climate on Earth. 
• Amazon has a large diversity of plants, animals, and other organisms. It is the largest land ecosystem on Earth.
• Approximately 25% of medicines are derived from Amazon's plants. 
• The largest river by volume is found in this forest, which is named the Amazon River.
• A large number of species are discovered from Amazon every year.

  

  Amazon Rainforest

Fact 3(Largest managed forest):

• Changa Manga forest is second largest forest. It is a man-made forest.
• It is located in Pakistan, approximately 70-80km southwest of Lahore, in the Kasur district of Punjab.
• Its latitude is 31°05′N 73°58′E from Earth's equator. 
• Changa Manga was planted in 1866 by British Foresters.
• In 2014, a fire destroyed about half of it.
• It is named after two outlaw brothers Changa and Manga who were hidden in that area. But these are rumors.
• It is a more attractive place for tourism with its resort, miniature railway, and an artificial lake.
• It has a large diversity of mammals, birds, and insects.
• It has plants like Sheesham, White mulberry, and Kikar.

Fact 4(water on Earth):

• There is about 71% of Earth's surface is covered by water. Water is found in the form of icecaps, glaciers, water vapors, river and lakes.
• Whereas 96.5% water is salty(in oceans). The ocean is the largest aquatic ecosystem.
• 78% of marine mammals are at risk due to plastic and pollution.
•  Only 2.5% is freshwater, and 1.2% is available for drinking purposes.
• Approximately 0.4% to 4% of water vapors are in the atmosphere. 99% of water vapors are in the troposphere.

Fact 5(number of plants more than stars):

• There are 3.04 trillion plants and trees on Earth.
• It is double the number of stars in our galaxy.
• Approximately 450,000 species of plants are known to scientists, of which 391,000 are vascular, and others are non-vascular.
• 94% of plants are flowering.
• Life on Earth depends on plants. Because these are producers and start a food chain. Without plants, life and ecosystems will be destroyed.
• Approximately 27,000 trees are cut per day.

Fact 6(soil has large biodiversity):

• Soil is home to a large diversity of organisms.
• Soil has 59% of all species in the world.
• It is assumed that one spoon of soil has more microorganisms than people on our planet.
• Mostly insects and microorganisms live in soil.
• These organisms are drivers of the ecosystem. As they are involved in ecological cycles, filtering water, suppressing plant pathogens, and breaking down organic matter.
• It is a non-renewable source.
• It stores more carbon than in the atmosphere.

Fact 7(recovery of ozon layer):

• Nowadays ozon layer has been healing.
• In 2025, scientists confirmed that the Arctic ozone hole is actively healing.
• The Montreal Protocol phased out chemicals like chloroflorocarbons (CFCs) and halons. It is a successful achievement for them.