Posts

Could Humans Live on Mars

Image
Could humans live on Mars? Introduction to Mars:     Mars is the fourth planet of our solar system.  Mars is a rocky, dusty desert planet.  It is also known as the "red planet". Its name is because its outer surface is red due to iron oxide (known as rust).  An image of Mars by NASA Characteristics and key facts: Phobos The distance from sun to Mars is 142 million miles and from Earth its ranging from 35 million miles up to 140 million miles. Phobos and Deimos are two asteroid-like moons of Mars. Olympus Mons is the highest mountain in the solar system. It is three times higher than Mount Everest. Its radius is about 2,106 miles. One Martian day is called a sol, which takes 24.6 hours. One year is about 687 Earth days.  It is cold because its atmosphere is very thin and cannot capture heat. Its surface temperature is about -82  ° C to -143 °C. Its polar caps are made of frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice), and some are composed of frozen water. It is home ...
Post a Comment
Read more

Survival in the Extremes: Introduction, Types, Adaptations, and Examples of Extremophiles

Image
 What are Extremophiles? Introduction:     Extremophile means "extreme-loving". Organisms that can survive in harsh and extreme conditions are called extremophiles. They can tolerate high and low temperatures, extreme pH, and intense pressure. Common examples of extremophiles include tardigrades, Archae, and certain fungi and protozoa.   Tardigrade:   An animal, the t ardigrade, is known as the toughest animal.    It is a polyextremophile and can tolerate all types of radiation, stress, and temperature extremes.  Tardigrades are famous for surviving extreme stress, but their ordinary life span is short — and they are not truly immortal. They have a lifespan of only a few months to 2 years. It is very interesting that tardigrade can survive exposure to -272 °C to 150 °C (in a laboratory) for a short time .  However, they can die if exposed to 87 ° C hot water for one hour.   They can also survive without food, oxygen, and other fact...
1 comment
Read more

The Search for Life Beyond Earth: Are We Alone

Image
Life beyond Earth:     It is very interesting question that life beyond Earth exist or not. Is there possibility that different organisms can live in another world. Scientist named "Alien" to these extraterrestrial organisms. What is alien?     The word alien derives from Latin word 'alienus' which means "foreign"    or "belonging to another". In past this term was used for person that belongs to another town or country. With the passage of time through internet world become global village and no one is unknown. Now every one is familiar to each other. This term is now used for extraterrestrial life which is unfamiliar for us.  Why scientists believe in the existence of alien?     There are billions of galaxy and trillions of planets in our universe. So, there is high possibility Earth is not only planet evolve for life. Scientists discovered many planets which have all requirments, suitable for life. Many stars have planet orbiting them just...
1 comment
Read more

The Hidden Environmental Cost of Conflicts and War

Image
 Introduction: War and Environment     War is a devastating destroyer. It has bad effects on our ecosystem and climate. Approximately 5% greenhouse gas emissions are directly linked to the military. Its actual percentage is likely much higher. Military activities, atomic bombs, and fires cause massive destruction, not only to one country but also to the global environment.  Greenhouse gas emission:     The rapid rise in greenhouse gases is one of the most prominent factors that affect the climate.  Causes: Militaries consume massive amounts of hydrocarbons (petroleum) to power tanks, naval ships, and fighter jets, releasing tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.  Massive military bases require immense amounts of electricity for powering, heating, and cooling infrastructure.  Items shipping and supplies also consume fossil fuels and a lot of energy. Effects: These activities release vast amounts of greenhouse gases (like carbon dioxide a...
Post a Comment
Read more

Mangrove Forest: Introduction, Adaptation, Location, and Importance

Image
 What are Mangrove forests?     The mangrove forests are unique coastal wetland ecosystem where shurbs and salt-tolerant trees grows. They are found at coastlands where  saltwater mixes with freshwater. These are abundant in tropical(found between the equator) and subtropical regions(found outside the tropical region).   Unique adaptations:      Thay have unique adaptations to survive in harsh environments. They can tolerate high concentration of salt through two mechanisms.                  1. They filter 90% salt at root level.                  2. Some plants pump salt up to leaves and make crystals. They have special aerial roots to take in oxygen in oxyden-depleted soil. They have thich waxy cutical and succulent leaves(thick and fleshy) in order to store water and protect from dehydration. Their stomata hidden under hairs. Where to find ma...
Post a Comment
Read more

Cell Division: Introduction, Types, Stages, and Importance

Image
What is Cell division:     Cell division is a biological process in which one cell divides into one or more daughter cells. Cell division takes approximately 24 hours.  Types of cell division: There are two types of cell division. Mitosis Meiosis Mitosis:       A type of cell divison in which one parent cell is divided in two daughter cells, is called mitosis. Daughter cell has the same characteristics as the parent cell. Mitosis is a continuous process, but for understanding, biologists divided it into different phases. Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase  Telophase Interphase:     Interphase is the first phase of cell division. It is misleadingly called the resting phase. In this phase cell is prepared for division. It is the period of great biochemical activities. Interphase requires 23 hours for preparing the cell. It is further divided into three stages. G1-phase S-phase G2-phase G1-phase:     G stands for 'Gap'. The G1...
Post a Comment
Read more

Four Amazing Facts about Animals

Image
 Fact 1(toughest animal):      An animal, the  t ardigrade, is known as toughest animal.   People think it is immortal because tardigrades can survive in every type of environment.  It is not really immortal. Tardigrades are famous for surviving extreme stress, but their ordinary life span is short — and they are not truly immortal.They have a lifespan of only a few months. It is very intresting that tardigrade can survive at -273 °C  to 150 °C (in labortarory) .  They can die when exposed to 87 ° C hot water for one hour.   They can also survive without food, oxygen, and other factors(also in vaccume). Tardigrades are microscopic, eight-legged animals also known as " water bears " or " moss piglets ". They are usually 0.5 mm long when they are mature.  They curl and dehydrate theirselves in order to survive in harsh environment. This dry ball is called a  tun, and this state is called cryptobiosis .  In this state, it re...
Post a Comment
Read more